Recovery Today

Effect of handrim diameter on manual wheelchair propulsion: mechanical energy and power flow analysis

BACKGROUND: handicap scooters and medicare power wheelchairs design parameters such as handrim diameter could affect propulsion. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of handrim size (0.54, 0.43, and 0.32 m) on mechanical energy and power flow during wheelchair propulsion. METHODS: Twelve young normal male adults (mean age 23.5 years old) were recruited in this study. Both 3-D kinematic and kinetic data of the upper extremity were collected synchronously using a Hi-Res Expert Vision motion system and an instrumented wheel during wheelchair propulsion. FINDINGS: The kinetic, potential and total mechanical energy of the upper extremity increased as the handrim size increased. For each upper arm segment, the joint translational power and the rotational power of the proximal joint increased with increasing handrim size. The work done during a complete propulsion cycle with the larger handrim size is significantly larger than that using a smaller handrim (P<0.05). INTERPRETATION: The increased kinetic, potential and total mechanical energy were due to the increased linear velocity and the elevated positions of the upper extremity segments. The shoulder and trunk flexors increased the magnitude of their concentric contractions during propulsion with the large handrim as increased output power is required. By using mechanical energy and power flow analysis techniques, we evaluated the previously-reported effect of handrim size on mechanical cost and provided insight into the relationship between the two.

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Effects of training programs for spinal cord injury

INTRODUCTION: handicap scooters exercise training programs in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) were largely studied to determine different types of adaptations. The aim of specific rehabilitation is to obtain maximal gains in quality-of-life (QoL) after SCI. OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on the efficiency of training programs for SCI. METHODS: We searched the MEDline database with the keywords SCI, paraplegia and quadriplegia and synonyms, then combined them with one of the following terms: rehabilitation, training, exercise conditioning, physical fitness, exercise prescription, adaptation, effect, or benefit. We found 65 articles related to the physiological and psychological effects of training programmes on patients with SCI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Training programs after SCI offer reconditioning cardiorespiratory, cardiovascular, cardiac, metabolic, bone, biomechanical, muscle adaptation, and QoL benefits. Reconditioning training increases VO2 max, reverses leg vascular resistance in the paralyzed legs and has possible cardiac and neural adaptations, favorable catecholamine responses and effects on platelet aggregation. Reconditioning can also modify lipid profile, reduce risk for cardiovascular diseases, prevent osteoporosis and increase maximal upper-extremity muscle strength, sprint power wheelchairs
output and maximal power output. This effect allows for considerable improvement in mechanical efficiency and wheelchair propulsion technique. CONCLUSIONS: Reconditioning training programs after SCI have a direct impact on function and QoL, permitting participation in physical activities in addition to daily living activities in subjects with SCI.

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Categories: How To Science & Tech

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Cuil, CloudSearch, Facebook Search, Yahoo Music, MySpace

http://www.freelinereport.com

Headed by former Google employee Anna Patterson, Cuil is a new search engine that will supposedly "change the way that searching works" (in fact, they’re promoting it as the "Google-killer"). Their secret? Well for starters, Cuil supposedly has 120 billion pages in its index. Google "only" has about eight billion.

http://freelinereport.com/freeline-7-30-08

The first search engine using Yahoo BOSS has been released. Called SearchCloud, the engine allows users to dictate the importance of a keyword or phrase. The idea behind it is that by qualifying the importance of the keywords used within a search, users will receive results more suited to their needs.

http://freelinereport.com/freeline-7-30-08

In other search engine news, Microsoft announced last last week that Live Search will be heading to Facebook. The agreement is considered to be an expansion of a previous deal that saw Microsoft purchase a $240 million stake in the company.

http://freelinereport.com/freeline-7-30-08

Switching to the world of online music, it appears as if the Yahoo Music store will be shutting off their servers September 30th. Due to the store’s use of the controversial Digital Rights Management (DRM) copy protection, users will be unable to copy their music to a new computer or device after the September deadline.

http://freelinereport.com/freeline-7-30-08

It seems as if Amazon is looking into becoming the backbone of the new "MySpace Music" project. Launching in September, MySpace Music will offer users a variety of music-related content, including DRM-free MP3 files from three out of the four major record labels, ring tones and concert tickets.

http://freelinereport.com/freeline-7-30-08
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Submitted By: bradfallon

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Categories: Science & Tech

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Logo Design Information

The most difficult decision in designing the logo design studio was choosing which of Glaciers many peaks to feature. In the end, we went with Mt. Reynolds, said Schearer. It dominates the skyline at Logan Pass where a visitor center is located, and its a classic glacial horn. If theres a quintessential peak at Glacier, its Mt. Reynolds.

A nationally acclaimed Seattle firm has been selected to design a new King County professional logo design using an image of Nobel Peace Prize winner and slain civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Gable Design Group was selected from a field of 29 very competitive local and out of state companies, the largest response ever received by King County for a design contract.

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The grants process is being streamlined and aligned to better reflect state priorities. TCA is working to secure a significant budgetary increase. To better communicate these changes, TCA is taking a new approach to branding and is pleased to introduce a new online logo design.
TCA Vertical logo design pro Dr. Gary Gibbs led TCA staff through a branding process as instructed by TCA Commissioners.

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The ANSI/RESNA wheelchair standards: sample evaluation and guide to interpreting test data for prescribing power wheelchairs

This study is a joint project of ECRI and the National Rehabilitation Hospital, supported by a grant from the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR, U.S. Department of Education, Agreement No. H133E80016). ECRI is the first independent laboratory to test power wheelchairs and medicare power wheelchairs according to the standards of the Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA), now known as the Association for the Advancement of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology (AART); these standards will ultimately be distributed by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). We tested 10 power wheelchairs, which are similar in size and configuration, from seven manufacturers; all units are intended for adult use. Our testing showed that none of the sample wheelchairs are ideal for all environments in which these devices are typically needed. Each unit has advantages that should be carefully considered when specifying a power wheelchair. Numerous factors are involved in prescribing power wheelchairs, and learning the subtle differences in features and performance of a particular model and how they will affect the user is difficult. In addition, acquiring objective information about power wheelchairs from manufacturers is not typically easy. Considering these factors, and because the standards on which we based our testing do not generally provide criteria for passing or failing models under test, we did not rate the units. The purpose of this article is to present the data collected in our study, using wheelchair performance characteristics based on some parts of the ANSI/RESNA wheelchair standards, as an example of what prescribers can expect to receive from manufacturers and to provide guidance in interpreting and applying the data in writing power wheelchair prescriptions. Thus, this article provides an overview of the types of problems faced by those who specify power wheelchairs for users, the problems faced by the users themselves, and the components that are most susceptible to damage during use.

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Logo Design Information

Gable Design was chosen through a jury selection process managed by 4Culture, King County’s cultural service provider. The proposal includes subcontracts with longtime Gable associates Vivian Phillips and Sharon Maeda for outreach.

“Dr. King is revered around the world for his intellect, courage and leadership,” said King County Executive Ron Sims. “The gold crown logo designer was a simple representation of the word king.’ Now that we are officially named after Dr. King, we will soon have a logos design reflecting the values and ethics of an extraordinary person just as Seattle and Washington State have logo designss of the extraordinary individuals they were named after.”

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Disability type influences heart rate response during power wheelchair sport

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of disability type on exercise response during power wheelchairs and handicap scooters competition. The secondary purpose was to determine the extent to which heart rate responses during competition meet cardiorespiratory fitness training intensities for the general population. METHODS: Forty-eight athletes who had cerebral palsy (CP, N = 31), spinal cord injury (SCI, N = 10), or muscular dystrophy (MD, N = 7), and were competing in the 2003 Power Soccer National Tournament, volunteered to participate. Heart rate was recorded every 5 s throughout pre-game and game conditions by Polar S610 monitors. Average heart rate (HR) values were determined for GAME and RESPONSE (change score between GAME HR and pre-game HR). The Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test was used to determine whether a significant difference among group medians existed on the dependent measure, RESPONSE (P < 0.05). RESULTS: A significant difference on RESPONSE (P < 0.05) existed among athletes with CP (29 bpm), SCI (17 bpm), and MD (26 bpm). The median RESPONSE for athletes with CP was 12 bpm higher than athletes with SCI, and this difference was significant (P < 0.01). Further, 22 athletes with CP (71%), 5 athletes with MD (71%), and 1 athlete with SCI (10%) exceeded 55% of estimated HR(max) for at least 30 min during competition. CONCLUSION: Disability type influences the heart rate response to power wheelchair sport, and may affect the ability to sustain training intensities associated with fitness improvement.

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Business Credit Card

The very concept of using a business line of credit card was invented by Edward Bellamy in 1887. He did not make a real building business credit card; he just used the idea of such a card in his novel ‘Looking Backward’.

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Adaptive EEG thought pattern classifier for advanced wheelchair control.

This paper presents a real-time Electroencephalogram (EEG) classification system, with the goal of enhancing the control of a head-movement controlled handicap scooters, medical scootersfor patients with chronic Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Using a 32 channel recording device, mental command data was collected from 10 participants. This data was used to classify three different mental commands, to supplement the five commands already available using head movement control. Of the 32 channels that were recorded only 4 were used in the classification, achieving an average classification rate of 82%. This paper also demonstrates that there is an advantage to be gained by doing adaptive training of the classifier. That is, customizing the classifier to a person previously unseen by the classifier caused their average recognition rates to improve from 52.5% up to 77.5%

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Real-time head movement system and embedded Linux implementation for the control of power wheelchairs

handicap scooters has become very important for our quality of life. A loss of mobility due to an injury is usually accompanied by a loss of self-confidence. For many individuals, independent mobility is an important aspect of self-esteem. Head movement is a natural form of pointing and can be used to directly replace the joystick whilst still allowing for similar control. Through the use of embedded LINUX and artificial intelligence, a hands-free head movement wheelchair controller has been designed and implemented successfully. This system provides for severely disabled users an effective medicare power wheelchairs control method with improved posture, ease of use and attractiveness.

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Write a Great Cover Letter and Land A Job Interview

The secret to getting a coveted interview for the job you want is in writing a great resume cover letters for a job interview, including your experience, training, accolades from others, innovative ideas for how you can be an asset to the new company, and your request for an in-person meeting. All cover letter resume for job interviews should be written clearly and with passion. Be sure to add your contact information and the days you’re available to meet. Double check your cover letter for a job interview for all these essential details before sending it off.

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Logo Design Information

The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) and Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments’ Alternative Fuels Partnership (MWAFP) are sponsoring a contest for an original business logo design design for alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs).

The goal of the contest is to design one company logo design representing AFVs powered by natural gas, electricity, propane, ethanol, methanol, or other non-petroleum-based fuels. Open to all Federal employees and the general public, the contest winner will receive $1,000. Only one entry per person will be accepted. Entries must be received by October 15, 1998.

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The clinical decision-making process of prescribing power mobility for a child with cerebral palsy.

PURPOSE: handicap scooters has been shown to be an effective method for children with disabilities to achieve independent mobility. The purpose of this case report is to describe the physical therapist’s clinical decision making related to power mobility for a child with multiple disabilities. CASE DESCRIPTION: power wheelchairs
evaluation for a nine-year-old child was conducted using Furumasu’s tasks for wheelchair readiness moving through a doorway, maneuvering through three cones, and driving in a hallway. Ongoing team assessment with family consultation informed clinical decision-making. OUTCOMES: A mid-wheel-drive chair afforded improved performance on Furumasu’s tasks compared with a rear-wheel-drive chair. SUMMARY: This case describes the clinician’s role in prescribing power wheelchairs to affect the user’s functional skills, as well as how, in the absence of evidence, clinical experience and patients’ needs can guide clinical decision-making

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Pre-approvals

Most pre-approval mailings request a signature and a statement of recent earnings. It sounds pretty straightforward, but the words “subject to building business credit approval” are always hidden somewhere. While it is tempting to simply sign away, or make up an amount under the “earnings” title, this information will haunt you down the road when you are unable to pay your bills. No one wants a fraud or perjury charge in addition to other trouble that might come with it.

If it Sounds too Good to be True, it is

If you have been pre-approved despite not having worked for a few months or your gross income is less than $10,000, you really should think twice before attempting to apply for a business line of credit card. You should certainly not have been pre-approved.

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The Hephaestus Smart Wheelchair System

The Hephaestus Smart Wheelchair System is envisioned as a series of components that clinicians and wheelchair manufacturers will be able to attach to standard power wheelchairs to convert them into “smart wheelchairs.” A prototype of the system has been developed and mounted on an Everest and Jennings Lancer2000 wheelchair. The prototype bases its navigation assistance behavior on the behavior developed for the NavChair Assistive Wheelchair Navigation System, but the underlying hardware and software are being designed to facilitate commercialization. This paper describes our design goals for the Hephaestus system and discusses the current status of the system prototype as well as plans for future work for medical scooters.

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Special considerations in the selection of the certified rehabilitation supplier.

During the last four decades, there have been revolutionary advances in the design of medicare power wheelchairs, complimented by special seating systems. Some of these advances include battery-operated power mobility, ergonomic steering devices, and a wide variety of innovative devices that allow the user to achieve a unique array of positions. These positions include tilting of the seat, reclining the back of the sear, achieving a passive standing position, and, finally, the unique ability of the wheelchair to climb over steep curbs cuts and even up staircases. Because of the availability of such a wide variety of wheelchairs, the medical profession requires the development of many new, unique partnerships. First, the user of a wheelchair must purchase the wheelchair from a certified rehabilitation supplier (CRTS). Realizing the importance of purchasing a wheelchair from a CRTS, there are other special considerations that the purchaser must make in the selection of a CRTS. First, the CRTS must have a coordinated team of healthcare personnel, including physicians, occupational therapists, physiatrists, and other seating specialists who are able to complete a pre-authorization form that will be approved by the private insurance company as well as Medicare and Medicaid. The CRTS must have a president as well as a successor who is familiar with the powered wheelchair and handicap scooters products, especially the powered wheelchair that can allow the user to achieve a passive standing position. In this comprehensive report, we will illustrate how an inexperienced CRTS who is not familiar with powered wheelchairs that can achieve a passive standing position can design and construct a wheelchair product that can seriously injure the user when they achieve a passive standing position. In Portland, Oregon, Tri-Care Wheelchair Service, Inc., is an experienced supplier of pow notered wheelchairs that achieve a passive standing position. Its two CRTS carefully assist the purchaser in selecting and then registering the powered wheelchair. Working with a team of seating specialists, they prepare preauthorization forms that will be approved by the private insurance company as well as Medicare and Medicaid. They carefully make adjustments in the design of the wheelchair seating system so that the user is comfortable as well as safe in a passive standing position.

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